It was a privilege to see you today in consultation in my examining suite. For your information and records, and because you are the most…

Graves’ disease is a condition affecting the eyelids and tissue behind the eye in people who have had a thyroid disorder. The name Graves is…

Introduction Not all people with thyroid disease have problems with their eyes. It is a common enough problem, however, that many people have expressed a…

Dry eyes is a very common problem caused by a lack of normal tears. It is the most likely cause of itching, burning, tearing, and…

Figure 1. In Graves’ ophthalmopathy, the extraoccular muscles become infiltrated with micropolysaccharides, and the muscles become enlarged, firm, rubbery and resistant to passive stretching. The…

Elevated eye pressure is extremely common in patients with Graves’ eye disease. However, this does not necessarily mean that glaucoma is also common in Graves’…

The eye depends on constant moisture and lubrication to maintain vision and to maintain comfort. Human tears, nature’s lubricant for the eye, are remarkable. The…

The ophthalmopathy or eye changes associated with thyroid disease are most often associated with the thyroid hyperfunction accompanying Graves’ disease. However, it occasionally may occur…

Sir Robert Graves, MD., first described the association of hyperthyroidism, goiter and exophthalmos in 1835. Since then, other eye-related findings have been described in patients…

(Note: See last page for Figures) The exact cause and pathophysiology of the soft tissue changes in the eyelids and orbit in Graves’ disease continue…